Difference between revisions of "Evaporation with solar integration"

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!colspan="6"|Different process technologies exist within industry, which lead to several possibilities for the integration of solar heat. Based on the general classification of industrial heat consumers drying processes are assigned to the category “Thermal separation processes”. By consideration of the conventional heat supply, different integration concepts are possible.
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|[[File:Dealcoholization.jpg]]
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|Example how to integrate solar heat for dealcoholization of beer.
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|[[File:PL_E_PM.jpg]]
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|'''PL_E_PM - external HEX for heating of product or process medium'''
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This integration concept is basically the easiest since an additional solar driven heat exchanger is installed in serial to the conventional heat exchanger to heat a product or process medium (e.g. water, lye, fruit juice, etc.). It can be applied to all three categories of heat consumers “(pre)heating of fluid streams”, “heating and maintaining temperature of baths, machineries or tanks” and “thermal separation processes”. The serial integration of a solar driven heat exchanger can be realized in a way that only part of the entire product or process medium stream is heated up and hence heat exchanger surface, pump and pipe dimensions can be kept small.
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Dealcoholization processes are necessary to meet the growingmarketfor non-alcoholic(<0.05% by volume) andlow-alcoholic beer (<0.5% by volume). In addition to arrested fermentation andreverse osmosis, there are also thermal processesto producenon-alcoholic beers. However, notall breweries producenon-alcoholic beer. Dealcoholization processes are often foundinlarge breweries. The installations areusually designed with relatively low production capacities to maintain long and constant operation times.
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|[[File:PL_S_V.jpg]]
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|'''PL_S_V solar steam generation at vacuum'''
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Solar steam generation with vacuum can be applied for numerous evaporation processes e.g. in food and beverage industry, since typical process temperatures are in the range of 40 - 80  °C. Therefore, an evacuated storage with a conventional heat exchanger is required. The condensate from evaporation process is preheated by solar energy and fed into the evacuated storage. The evaporated condensate is fed back into the evaporation process.
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Typical installations used for thermaldealcoholizationare rectification columns,thin film- andfalling film evaporators.Rectification columnsandfalling film evaporatorsare usually designed in multi-stage. Based on the sensitive product characteristics, the evaporator is operated with slight vaccum (both, product andheating side). Thereby thedealcoholizationoccursat low temperatures. Usually saturated steam atabout 60 °C is used as heating medium.
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|[[File:PL_S_LP.jpg]]
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|'''PL_S_LP solar steam generation at low pressure'''
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For solar steam supply with reduced pressure of 1.5 - 3 bar (according to 110 - 135 °C) a kettle reboiler is required that is supplied with solar heat. Feed water or condensate is fed into the reboiler, evaporated and used to heat the process. Therefore, the conventional steam demand for injection heating is reduced. Based on the required installations this integration concept is similar to SL_S_PI on supply level. The only difference is the reduced temperature level compared to conventional steam systems in Industry. Therefore, this integration concept can also be applied under moderate climatic conditions.
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A heating systemconsistingof aconventionalheatedstorage, asolar heat exchangeranda vacuum pump are required to assist the dealcoholization process with solar energy.As shown in Figure 9, solar heat is used to preheat the condensate return. In case of insufficient solar irradiation, the condensate temperature can be increased with the conventional heated storage. Due to the illustrated bypass it is possible to use solar heatalready for the start up the plant.
 
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!colspan="6"|Source: Schmitt, B., 2014. Integration of solar heating plants for supply of process heat in industrial companies (in German language), Dissertation University of Kassel, Shaker Verlag, Aachen, Germany.
 
!colspan="6"|Source: Schmitt, B., 2014. Integration of solar heating plants for supply of process heat in industrial companies (in German language), Dissertation University of Kassel, Shaker Verlag, Aachen, Germany.
 
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!colspan="6"|[[Solar application for evaporation and distillation]]
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Back to [[Subsection DA food|EFFICENCY FINDER OF FOOD INDUSTRY]]

Latest revision as of 21:32, 28 February 2015

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Dealcoholization.jpg Example how to integrate solar heat for dealcoholization of beer.

Dealcoholization processes are necessary to meet the growingmarketfor non-alcoholic(<0.05% by volume) andlow-alcoholic beer (<0.5% by volume). In addition to arrested fermentation andreverse osmosis, there are also thermal processesto producenon-alcoholic beers. However, notall breweries producenon-alcoholic beer. Dealcoholization processes are often foundinlarge breweries. The installations areusually designed with relatively low production capacities to maintain long and constant operation times.

Typical installations used for thermaldealcoholizationare rectification columns,thin film- andfalling film evaporators.Rectification columnsandfalling film evaporatorsare usually designed in multi-stage. Based on the sensitive product characteristics, the evaporator is operated with slight vaccum (both, product andheating side). Thereby thedealcoholizationoccursat low temperatures. Usually saturated steam atabout 60 °C is used as heating medium.

A heating systemconsistingof aconventionalheatedstorage, asolar heat exchangeranda vacuum pump are required to assist the dealcoholization process with solar energy.As shown in Figure 9, solar heat is used to preheat the condensate return. In case of insufficient solar irradiation, the condensate temperature can be increased with the conventional heated storage. Due to the illustrated bypass it is possible to use solar heatalready for the start up the plant.

Source: Schmitt, B., 2014. Integration of solar heating plants for supply of process heat in industrial companies (in German language), Dissertation University of Kassel, Shaker Verlag, Aachen, Germany.


Solar application for evaporation and distillation



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